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*<span class="fryas">(VN)TUCHT</span> - 19b
*<span class="fryas">(VN)TUCHT</span> - 19b
expressions:
expressions:
*<span class="fryas">TÍGE BY TÍGE</span><ref>Compare [154/25] <span class="fryas">DIGER BI DIGER</span>, translated as 'thoroughly'.</ref> - 4c
*<span class="fryas">TÍGE BY TÍGE</span><ref>Compare [154/25] <span class="fryas">DIGER BI DIGER</span>, translated as ''thoroughly''.</ref> - 4c
*<span class="fryas">ORLOCH is/was VRTHÉJAN/VRTIGEN/VRTYAN</span> - 3e, 5e, 14e1
*<span class="fryas">ORLOCH is/was VRTHÉJAN/VRTIGEN/VRTYAN</span> - 3e, 5e, 14e1
*<span class="fryas">TÉJA BÀRN</span> (conceive/raise children)<ref>Old Greek 'τεκνο' (children) may be derived from this.</ref> — 5a, 10b, 16b1
*<span class="fryas">TÉJA BÀRN</span> (conceive/raise children)<ref>Old Greek τεκνο (children) may be derived from this.</ref> — 5a, 10b, 16b1
(To be added: <span class="fryas">HÉR​.TOGA</span>, words with <span class="fryas">[[TOCHT]]</span>.)
(To be added: <span class="fryas">HÉR​.TOGA</span>, words with <span class="fryas">[[TOCHT]]</span>.)


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==fragments==
==fragments==


[[En_03a_Burg_Laws|3a. Burg Laws]]
[[EN015.01 Burg|3a→Ea. Burg Laws]]


[<nowiki/>[[017]]/23] <span class="fryas">THRJA SJVGUN <u>TJUGUM</u></span>
* [<nowiki/>[[017]]/23] <span class="fryas">THRJA SJVGUN <u>TJUGUM</u></span>


[[En_03d_At_War|3d. Folksmother and Kings at War]]
[[EN023.07 War|3d→Ed. At War]]


[<nowiki/>[[023]]/20] <span class="fryas">MITH BODON ÀND <u>TJUGUM</u></span>
* [<nowiki/>[[023]]/20] <span class="fryas">MITH BODON ÀND <u>TJUGUM</u></span>


[[En 03e Security|3e. Security and War Aftermath]]
[[EN025.04 Security|3e→Ee. Security and War Aftermath]]


[<nowiki/>[[025]]/20] <span class="fryas">IS ORLOCH <u>VRTHÉJAN (→ VRTÉJEN)</u></span>
* [<nowiki/>[[025]]/20] <span class="fryas">IS ORLOCH <u>VRTHÉJAN (→ VRTÉJEN)</u></span>
[[En 04c Useful Precedents|4c→F1c. Useful Precedents]]
* [<nowiki/>[[030]]/15] <span class="fryas">ALDULKERA TO KJASANE THAM MÀN <u>TÍGE BY TÍGE</u> KÀNTH —</span> ''to choose only those who are <u>very well</u>'' (or: ''through and through'') ''known''


[[En 04d About Laws|4d. About Laws]]
[[EN031.04 Laws|4d→F1d. Concerning Laws]]


[<nowiki/>[[031]]/11] <span class="fryas">BIN.IK <u>VRTJÛGAD</u></span>
* [<nowiki/>[[031]]/11] <span class="fryas">BIN.IK <u>VRTJÛGAD</u></span>


[[En 05a Three Principles|5a. Three Principles]]
[[EN040.11 Principles|5a→Ga. Three Principles]]


[<nowiki/>[[040]]/15] <span class="fryas">ALLE ELTE MINNISKA WERTHAT DRONGEN A <u>BÀRN TO TÉJANDE</u></span>
* [<nowiki/>[[040]]/15] <span class="fryas">ALLE ELTE MINNISKA WERTHAT DRONGEN A <u>BÀRN TO TÉJANDE</u> —</span> ''All healthy people feel the desire to raise children''


''All healthy people feel the desire to raise children''
[[EN042.10 Wrathful|5c→Gc. Wrathful People]]


[[En_05c_Wrathful_People|5c. Punishments for Wrathful People]]
* [<nowiki/>[[042]]/27] <span class="fryas">MITH VRKÀNDA <u>TJUGUM</u></span>


[<nowiki/>[[042]]/27] <span class="fryas">MITH VRKÀNDA <u>TJUGUM</u></span>
[[EN043.01 Evildoers|5d→Gd. Evildoers]]


[[En_05d_Evildoers |5d. Punishments for Evildoers]]
* [<nowiki/>[[043]]/] <span class="fryas">IS THÉR HWA THÉR EN ÔTHER ÀFTERBÀKIS <u>BITIGHATH</u> —</span> ''if anyone accuses another behind his back''


[<nowiki/>[[043]]/] <span class="fryas">IS THÉR HWA THÉR EN ÔTHER ÀFTERBÀKIS <u>BITIGHATH</u></span>
[[EN044.07 Thieves|5e→Ge. Three Thieves]]


''if anyone accuses another behind his back''
* [<nowiki/>[[044]]/07] <span class="fryas">ORLOCH WAS <u>VRTIGEN (→ VRTÉJEN)</u></span>


[[En 05e Three Thieves|5e. Three Thieves]]
[[EN058.01 Tyrians|8d→K3b. Tunis and the Tyrians]]


[<nowiki/>[[044]]/07] <span class="fryas">ORLOCH WAS <u>VRTIGEN (→ VRTÉJEN)</u></span>
* [<nowiki/>[[059]]/25] <span class="fryas">MITH GOLD <u>WRTÉIN (→ VRTÉJEN)</u></span>


[[En 04c Useful Precedents|4c. Useful Precedents]]
[[EN060.12 Gola|8e→K3c. The Gola]]


[<nowiki/>[[030]]/15] <span class="fryas">ALDULKERA TO KJASANE THAM MÀN <u>TÍGE BY TÍGE</u> KÀNTH</span>
* [<nowiki/>[[061]]/05] <span class="fryas">THA GOLA FÍRADON ... FÉRSTA ÀND <u>TO TÍANDE (→ TÉJANDE)</u> THA KÁD​.HÉMAR THÉRA THRVCH TODVAN HJARAR HORIGA MAN'GHÉRTNE ÀND THA SWÉT​.HÉD FON HJARA FININNIGE WIN —</span> ''the Gools celebrated ... rites, <u>attracting</u> the coast-dwellers with their whorish girls and the sweetness of their venomous wine''


''to choose only those who are <u>very well</u>'' (or: ''through and through'') ''known''
[[EN067.09 Kelta|9c→L1c. Kelta and the Gola]]


[[En 08d Tunis and the Tyrians|8d. Tunis and the Tyrians]]
* [<nowiki/>[[067]]/20] <span class="fryas">WILST WÉR FRY WÉSA ÀND VNDER MINA RÉD ÀND HODA LÉVA. <u>TJAN UT</u> THEN.  —</span> ''If you wish to be free again, and live under my counsel and care, then march forth!''


[<nowiki/>[[059]]/25] <span class="fryas">MITH GOLD <u>WRTÉIN (→ VRTÉJEN)</u></span>
[[EN068.17 Mediterranean|9d→L2a. Jon and Minerva]]


[[En 08e The Gools|8e. The Idolatrous Gools]]
* [<nowiki/>[[070]]/11] <span class="fryas">HJA WÉRON MITH FELUM <u>TEKAD</u> —</span> ''They were clothed in skins''


[<nowiki/>[[061]]/05] <span class="fryas">THA GOLA FÍRADON ... FÉRSTA ÀND <u>TO TÍANDE (→ TÉJANDE)</u> THA KÁD​.HÉMAR THÉRA THRVCH TODVAN HJARAR HORIGA MAN'GHÉRTNE ÀND THA SWÉT​.HÉD FON HJARA FININNIGE WIN</span>
[[EN072.05 Geartmen|9e→L2b. The Geartmen]]


''the Gools celebrated ... rites, <u>attracting</u> the coast-dwellers with their whorish girls and the sweetness of their venomous wine''
* 1. [072/29] <span class="fryas">FORTH JAVON HJA THAT FOLK BYLDNESE FON HIRA LIKNESS <u>TJUGANDE</u> THÀT HJA THÉRAN ELLA FRÉJA MACHTE ALSANÁKA HJA HÉROCH BILÉWON.</span> — ''They also gave their folk images of her likeness, <u>attesting</u> that they could pray to them for anything, as long as they remained obedient.''


[[En 09c Kelta and the Gools|9c. Kelta and the Gools]]
* 2<nowiki/>. [<nowiki/>[[073]]/01] <span class="fryas">MEN WI HÉDON VSA STÉNE BURCH.WAL MITH TWAM HORNUM <u>OMTÉJEN</u> ALTO THA SÉ —</span> ''But we had our stone burg wall, with two horns [...] all the way to the sea''


[<nowiki/>[[067]]/20] <span class="fryas">WILST WÉR FRY WÉSA ÀND VNDER MINA RÉD ÀND HODA LÉVA. <u>TJAN UT</u> THEN.</span>
[[EN076.13 Athenia|10b→Mb. - Athenia in Decline]]


''If you wish to be free again, and live under my counsel and care, then march forth!''
* [<nowiki/>[[077]]/01] <span class="fryas">VMBE THAT ER <u>TJUCHT</u> WÉSA SKOLDE UT EN FRYASKE MAN'GÉRTE ÀND EN ÉGIPTISKA PRESTER —</span> ''because he would be the son of a Frya girl and an Egyptian priest''


[[En_09d_Jon_and_Minerva|9d. Jon and Minerva Resettle]]
[[EN079.11 Denmarks|11a→N1. Denmarks Lost]]


[<nowiki/>[[070]]/11] <span class="fryas">HJA WÉRON MITH FELUM <u>TEKAD</u></span>
* [<nowiki/>[[081]]/01] <span class="fryas">SPANDON HJA HJARA HORSA FAR HJARA <u>TOGUM</u></span> <span class="fryas">''—''</span> ''hitched their horses to their sleighs''


''They were clothed in skins''
[[EN082.01 Frana|11b→N2a. Frana’s Prophecy]]


[[En_09e_The_Geartmen|9e. The Geartmen Move to Panj-ab]]
* [<nowiki/>[[083]]/29] <span class="fryas">TOJENST HJARA TÁTA <u>TJUGHA (→ TJUGA)</u></span>


[<nowiki/>[[072]]/25] <span class="fryas">FORTH JAVON HJA THAT FOLK BYLDNESE FON HIRA LIKNESS <u>TJUGANDE</u> THÀT HJA THÉRAN ELLA FRÉJA MACHTE ALSANÁKA HJA HÉROCH BILÉWON.</span>
[[EN085.12 Medeasblik|11c→N2b. Battle of Medeasblik]]


''They also gave their folk images of her likeness, <u>attesting</u> that they could pray to them for anything, as long as they remained obedient.''
* [<nowiki/>[[085]]/20] <span class="fryas">THA STJURAR ... HÉDON HINI GÉRN TO JONIS <u>TOGEN</u></span> <span class="fryas">''—''</span> ''The steersmen ... were eager to confront him''


[[En 09e The Geartmen|9e. The Geartmen Move to Panj-ab]]
[[EN091.11 Treason|13b→R2a. A Treacherous Maiden]]


[<nowiki/>[[073]]/01] <span class="fryas">MEN WI HÉDON VSA STÉNE BURCH.WAL MITH TWAM HORNUM <u>OMTÉJEN</u> ALTO THA SÉ</span>
* [<nowiki/>[[092]]/25] <span class="fryas">THA SAXNE <u>TÁGON</u> UTA SKÀDNE —</span> ''knives were drawn''


''But we had our stone burg wall, with two horns [...] all the way to the sea''
[[EN093.18 Arrow|13c→R2b. Death of Adela]]


[[En 10b Athenia|10b - Athenia: Miscegenation and Decadence]]
* 1. [<nowiki/>[[093]]/30] <span class="fryas">THÁ NÉVIL EWÉI <u>TÁCH</u></span> <span class="fryas">''—''</span> ''When the fog dissolved''
* 2. [<nowiki/>[[094]]/01] <span class="fryas">JONGK.FOLK <u>TÁCH</u> SJONGANDE</span>
* 3. [<nowiki/>[[094]]/10] <span class="fryas">TOFÁRA ADELA.S DURE <u>TAGON</u> <u>(→ TÁGON)</u> TWILIF MAN’GÉRTNE MITH TWILIF LÀMKES —</span> ''Twelve girls with twelve lambs passed by Adela’s door''
* 4. [<nowiki/>[[095]]/05] <span class="fryas">INTWISKA HÉDON SINA ELDRA HJARA WÉPNE FAT. ÀND <u>TAGON</u> <u>(→ TÁGON)</u> VNDÍGR (→ VN​.DIGER) TO JONIS —</span> ''Meanwhile, his parents had taken up their arms and approached them recklessly''


[<nowiki/>[[077]]/01] <span class="fryas">VMBE THAT ER <u>TJUCHT</u> WÉSA SKOLDE UT EN FRYASKE MAN'GÉRTE ÀND EN ÉGIPTISKA PRESTER</span>
[[EN100.01 Teachings2|13f→R4b. Primal Teachings 2]]


''because he would be the son of a Frya girl and an Egyptian priest''
* [<nowiki/>[[103]]/10] <span class="fryas">SIN.TÜGA</span>


[[En 11a The Denmarks|11a. Denmarks Lost]]
[[EN120.10 Alexander|14d→S3a. Alexander the King]]


[<nowiki/>[[081]]/01] <span class="fryas">SPANDON HJA HJARA HORSA FAR HJARA <u>TOGUM</u></span>
* 1. [<nowiki/>[[124]]/01] <span class="fryas">VMBE VSA FLÁTE NÉI THA MIDDEL​.SÉ <u>TO TYANDE (→ TÉJANDE)</u></span> <span class="fryas">''—''</span> ''to tow our fleet to the Middle Sea''
* 2. [<nowiki/>[[125]]/01] <span class="fryas">HWÉR ALLE ÀFTA FRYA​.S BERN FORMELS <u>HINTÉIN (→ HINTÉJEN)</u> WÉRON</span>


''hitched their horses to their sleighs''
[[EN125.05 Demetrius|14e→S3b. Demetrius and Friso]]


[[En_11b_Frana|11b. Death of Frana]]
* 1. [<nowiki/>[[125]]/25] <span class="fryas">WAS ORLOCH <u>VRTYAN</u></span>
* 2. [<nowiki/>[[128]]/05] <span class="fryas">ORLOCH.<u>TUCH</u></span>
* 3. [<nowiki/>[[130]]/01] <span class="fryas">NW HÉDON HJA THET STOLTA SWÉRD <u>ANTJAN (→ ANTÉJEN)</u></span>


[<nowiki/>[[083]]/29] <span class="fryas">TOJENST HJARA TÁTA <u>TJUGHA (→ TJUGA)</u></span>
[[EN130.21 Northland|14f→S4. Northland]]


[[En 11c The Magus|11c. Death of the Magus]]
* [<nowiki/>[[131]]/05] <span class="fryas">HJA <u>TÁGON</u> IMMER FORTH EN THET HÉR WÀRTH AL GRÁTER —</span> ''They kept moving on and the army grew stronger''


[<nowiki/>[[085]]/20] <span class="fryas">THA STJURAR ... HÉDON HINI GÉRN TO JONIS <u>TOGEN</u></span>
[[EN136.08 Yesus|15c-1→T2b. Yesus of Kashmir]]


''The steersmen ... were eager to confront him''
* [<nowiki/>[[137]]<nowiki/>/05] <span class="fryas">ALOMME HWÉR ER FORTH HINNE <u>TÁCH</u></span> <span class="fryas">''—''</span> ''Everywhere he went''
[[EN138.24 Priests|15c-2→T2c. Bald Priests in Rags]]
* [<nowiki/>[[139]]<nowiki/>/15] <span class="fryas">VRMITES HJA WISTON THÀT JES.US ÀJEN THA RIKA TO FJELDA <u>TÁGEN (→ TOGEN)</u> HÉDE —</span> ''Because they knew that Yesus had been in arms against the rich''


[[En 13b Treason|13b. Bruno: A Treacherous Maiden]]
[[EN145.25 Danes|16b→U2b. Danish Alliance]]


[<nowiki/>[[092]]/25] <span class="fryas">THA SAXNE <u>TÁGON</u> UTA SKÀDNE</span>
* 1. [<nowiki/>[[148]]/20] <span class="fryas">AND FON HJARA STORESTE TOGHTERA VMB THÉR BI <u>BERN TO TÉJANDE</u></span> <span class="fryas">''—''</span> ''and of their sturdiest daughters to have children by''
* 2. [<nowiki/>[[149]]/20] <span class="fryas">TO HRÉD MITH ÍSERE KÉDNE ÀND KRÁNBOGUM ÀND MITH FVLLE <u>TJUCH</u> ALSA FAR WÉR​.SKÉPA HOF ÀND NÉDLIK SÍ —</span> ''equipped with iron chains and crossbows, and fully rigged with what is useful and essential on warships''
* 3. [<nowiki/>[[150]]/10] <span class="fryas">THÉR IN IS FOLK LÉID THAT FRISO UT.A SAXANA MARKA <u>TÁCH</u> —</span> ''They were populated with folk that Friso took from the Saxonmarks''
[[EN154.17 Adel|16b→U3a. Adel and Ifkia]]
* [<nowiki/>[[157]]/20] <span class="fryas">DÁNÁ <u>TÁGON</u> HJA INOVIR STÁVEREN.S.WRDA BY HJARA LJUDA ROND —</span> ''Thereupon, they toured along the shores of Staveren, visiting their kindred''


''knives were drawn''
[[EN163.10 Panjab|16f→U4. Liudgeart: Panj-ab]]


[[En 13c Death of Adela|13c. Death of Adela]]
* [<nowiki/>[[164]]/01] <span class="fryas">HWANA SE ... NÉI THA DELTA ... <u>TOGEN</u> IS —</span> ''from where she descended to the delta''


1. [<nowiki/>[[093]]/30] <span class="fryas">THÁ NÉVIL EWÉI <u>TÁCH</u></span>
[[EN189.01 Titles|18→Y. Rika: Title Theft]]


''When the fog dissolved''
* [<nowiki/>[[192]]/10] <span class="fryas"><u>TUCHT</u>.RODE</span>


2. [<nowiki/>[[094]]/01] <span class="fryas">JONGK.FOLK <u>TÁCH</u> SJONGANDE</span>
[[EN198.19 Blood|19b→Zb. Streams of Blood]]


3. [<nowiki/>[[094]]/10] <span class="fryas">TOFÁRA ADELA.S DURE <u>TAGON</u> <u>(→ TÁGON)</u> TWILIF MAN’GÉRTNE MITH TWILIF LÀMKES</span>
* [<nowiki/>[[200]]/01] <span class="fryas">THA <u>VNTUCHT</u> THÉR WIVA</span>


''Twelve girls with twelve lambs passed by Adela’s door''
[[EN202.06 Reintia|19c→Zc. Reintia’s Dream]]


4. [<nowiki/>[[095]]/05] <span class="fryas">INTWISKA HÉDON SINA ELDRA HJARA WÉPNE FAT. ÀND <u>TAGON</u> <u>(→ TÁGON)</u> VNDÍGR (→ VN​.DIGER) TO JONIS</span>
* [<nowiki/>[[203]]/25] <span class="fryas">SAND HJU BODON NÉI ÁSKAR AND <u>TÁG</u> <u>(→ TÁCH)</u> SELVA ALINGEN THENE BALDA​.SÉ —</span> ''she sent messengers to Askar and continued along the Baltic Sea''
 
''Meanwhile, his parents had taken up their arms and approached them recklessly''
 
[[En 13f Teachings 2|13f. Primal Teachings 2]]
 
[<nowiki/>[[103]]/10] <span class="fryas">SIN.TÜGA</span>
 
[[En 14d Alexander|14d. Alexander the King]]
 
1. [<nowiki/>[[124]]/01] <span class="fryas">VMBE VSA FLÁTE NÉI THA MIDDEL​.SÉ <u>TO TYANDE (→ TÉJANDE)</u></span>
 
''to tow our fleet to the Middle Sea''
 
2. [<nowiki/>[[125]]/01] <span class="fryas">HWÉR ALLE ÀFTA FRYA​.S BERN FORMELS <u>HINTÉIN (→ HINTÉJEN)</u> WÉRON</span>
 
[[En 14e Demetrius and Friso|14e. Demetrius and Friso]]
 
1. [<nowiki/>[[125]]/25] <span class="fryas">WAS ORLOCH <u>VRTYAN</u></span>
 
2. [<nowiki/>[[128]]/05] <span class="fryas">ORLOCH.<u>TUCH</u></span>
 
3. [<nowiki/>[[130]]/01] <span class="fryas">NW HÉDON HJA THET STOLTA SWÉRD <u>ANTJAN (→ ANTÉJEN)</u></span>
 
[[En 14f Northland|14f. Northland]]
 
[<nowiki/>[[131]]/05] <span class="fryas">HJA <u>TÁGON</u> IMMER FORTH EN THET HÉR WÀRTH AL GRÁTER</span>
 
''They kept moving on and the army grew stronger''
 
[[En 15c Yesus or Buda|15c. Yesus or Buda of Kashmir]]
 
1. [<nowiki/>[[137]]/05] <span class="fryas">ALOMME HWÉR ER FORTH HINNE <u>TÁCH</u></span>
 
''Everywhere he went''
 
2. [<nowiki/>[[139]]/15] <span class="fryas">VRMITES HJA WISTON THÀT JES.US ÀJEN THA RIKA TO FJELDA <u>TÁGEN (→ TOGEN)</u> HÉDE</span>
 
''Because they knew that Yesus had been in arms against the rich''
 
[[En 16b Alliances|16b. Friso: Alliances]]
 
1. [<nowiki/>[[148]]/20] <span class="fryas">AND FON HJARA STORESTE TOGHTERA VMB THÉR BI <u>BERN TO TÉJANDE</u></span>
 
''and of their sturdiest daughters to have children by''
 
2. [<nowiki/>[[149]]/20] <span class="fryas">TO HRÉD MITH ÍSERE KÉDNE ÀND KRÁNBOGUM ÀND MITH FVLLE <u>TJUCH</u> ALSA FAR WÉR​.SKÉPA HOF ÀND NÉDLIK SÍ</span>
 
''equipped with iron chains and crossbows, and fully rigged with what is useful and essential on warships''
 
3. [<nowiki/>[[150]]/10] <span class="fryas">THÉR IN IS FOLK LÉID THAT FRISO UT.A SAXANA MARKA <u>TÁCH</u></span>
 
''They were populated with folk that Friso took from the Saxonmarks''
 
[[En 16d Adel and Ifkia|16d. Adel and Ifkia]]
 
[<nowiki/>[[157]]/20] <span class="fryas">DÁNÁ <u>TÁGON</u> HJA INOVIR STÁVEREN.S.WRDA BY HJARA LJUDA ROND</span>
 
''Thereupon, they toured along the shores of Staveren, visiting their kindred''
 
[[En 16f Panj-ab Report|16f. Liudgeart: Panj-ab Report]]
 
[<nowiki/>[[164]]/01] <span class="fryas">HWANA SE ... NÉI THA DELTA ... <u>TOGEN</u> IS</span>
 
''from where she descended to the delta''
 
[[En 18 Title Theft|18. Rika: Title Theft]]
 
[<nowiki/>[[192]]/10] <span class="fryas"><u>TUCHT</u>.RODE</span>
 
[[En 19b Streams of Blood|19b. Streams of Blood]]
 
[<nowiki/>[[200]]/01] <span class="fryas">THA <u>VNTUCHT</u> THÉR WIVA</span>
 
[[En 19c Reintja's Dream|19c. Reintia’s Dream]]
 
[<nowiki/>[[203]]/25] <span class="fryas">SAND HJU BODON NÉI ÁSKAR AND <u>TÁG</u> <u>(→ TÁCH)</u> SELVA ALINGEN THENE BALDA​.SÉ</span>
 
''she sent messengers to Askar and continued along the Baltic Sea''


==discussion==
==discussion==


[https://www.etymonline.com/word/tag#etymonline_v_4324 etymonline/tag]
[https://www.etymonline.com/word/tag#etymonline_v_4324 etymonline/tag]; [https://www.etymonline.com/word/tack#etymonline_v_4310 etymonline/tack]


[https://www.etymonline.com/word/tack#etymonline_v_4310 etymonline/tack]
''Tag, tack, twig'' seem to be related. The original word may (a.o.t.) have meant ''needle'' (related to making textile).


'Tag', 'tack', 'twig'* seem to be related. The original word may (a.o.t.) have meant 'needle' (related to making textile).
== cognates ==
 
Cognates:
*tak - Dutch (branch, twig)
*tak - Dutch (branch, twig)
*Zacke - German
*Zacke - German
Line 270: Line 204:
*tagg - Norse, Swedish
*tagg - Norse, Swedish
*taque - Old North French (nail, pin, peg)
*taque - Old North French (nail, pin, peg)
<nowiki>*</nowiki>[163/01] <span class="fryas"><u>TWÍGA</u> FON FRÍA.S STAM</span>
 
* [163/01] <span class="fryas"><u>TWÍGA</u> FON FRÍA.S STAM</span>


Found in the accepted Oldfrisian texts (examples):
Found in the accepted Oldfrisian texts (examples):
*ther hiu bi him '''tege''' (Overkeuren #5, Hunsingo Codices 'H1', 'H2')
*ther hiu bi him '''tege''' (Overkeuren #5, Hunsingo Codices H1, H2)
*thet hit nen mon ne binere the '''biteszie''' iefta bitiune, biere iefta bischere (Asegarecht #5, Fivelgo Codex 'F')
*thet hit nen mon ne binere the '''biteszie''' iefta bitiune, biere iefta bischere (Asegarecht #5, Fivelgo Codex F)


==notes==
==notes==

Revision as of 11:32, 9 May 2026

TÉJA is the reconstructed infinitve of a verb that occurs in various inflections. Words derived from it can rarely be translated literally.

Probably derived from this verb are the nouns TÉKEN, TEX, TOCHT(-A/-E), Tjan (ten).

varieties

  • TO TÉJANDE - 5a, 8e, 14d1, 16b1 (inf.)
  • (BI)TIGHATH - 5d (present, 3rd p. sing)
  • TJAN (UT) - 9c (imperative)
  • TJUGANDE - 9e (present participle)
  • TJUGHA (→ TJUGA) - 11b (inf.)
  • TÁGON - 13b, 13c3, 13c4, 14f, 16d (past, 3rd p. plur.)
  • TÁCH - 13c1, 13c2, 15c1, 16b3, 19c (past, 3rd p. sing.)

perfect:

  • (VR)THÉJAN (→ TÉJEN) - 3e
  • (VR)TJÛGAD - 4d
  • (VR)TIGEN (→ TÉJEN) - 5e
  • (WR)TÉIN, (HIN)TÉIN (→ TÉJEN) - 8d, 14d2
  • TEKAD - 9d
  • (OM)TÉJEN - 9e
  • TJUCHT - 10b
  • TOGEN - 11c, 16f
  • (VR)TYAN, (AN)TJAN (→ TÉJEN) - 14e1, 14e3
  • TÁGEN (→ TOGEN) - 15c2

derived nouns/compounds:

  • TJUGUM (witnesses) - 3a, 3d, 5c
  • TOGUM (plur.) - 11a
  • (SIN.)TÜGA (plur.) - 13f
  • (ORLOCH.)TUCH - 14e2
  • TJUCH - 16b2
  • TUCHT(.RODE) - 18
  • (VN)TUCHT - 19b

expressions:

  • TÍGE BY TÍGE[1] - 4c
  • ORLOCH is/was VRTHÉJAN/VRTIGEN/VRTYAN - 3e, 5e, 14e1
  • TÉJA BÀRN (conceive/raise children)[2] — 5a, 10b, 16b1

(To be added: HÉR​.TOGA, words with TOCHT.)

cognates, derivatives

(some examples:)

  • tegere (to cover, hide, close, conceal, etc.), texere (weave), tangere (to touch) - Latin
  • tejer (weave, knit, spin) - Spanish
  • tecer ( ,, ) - Portuguese
  • taw (→ tool), tie, tow, tug, thatch (pull-over), tissue, textile - English
  • ziehen (pull), erziehen (raise), zücken (pull out), zögern (hesitate), Zucht (breed), Zug (train) - German
  • touwen, tuigen, tuien, tooien, (aan-)tijgen (make, prepare, trekken, accuse), (be-)tichten (accuse), dekken (overtrekken), tuig, teug - Dutch
  • tawa, tauje ( ,, ) - Frisian

Possibly related: teach, token, text, (Dutch:) taai.

dictionaries

  • Wiarda (1786): teia seh tia; (p.379) Tia seh telen und Thing; tia, thia, teia ziehen und reisen. And ana en or land to tiande, und nach einem andern Lande zu ziehen. — tjaen tiden tyen, tyden, Tuin. (etc.)
  • Hettema (1832) (p.82): Tia, tiije, voorttelen (reproduce); Tia, tjaen, trekken, voorttrekken, in bezit nemen, reizen.
  • Richthofen (1840) (p.1082): tia (ziehen, zeugen) (... full page article), also see possibly related words tia (zug), tiader, tieder (bindseil, strick) etc.
  • Koebler (2014): tiā (...) nhd. ziehen, erziehen, unterhalten, sich berufen, zeugen, antreten, angehen, aufkommen für, vorgehen, sich wenden; (...)
  • in glossary of Bremmer's Introduction to Old Frisian (2009, p.191): bitetza - to take possession of (German: zücken) (note Ott: Dutch 'betrekken')

fragments

3a→Ea. Burg Laws

  • [017/23] THRJA SJVGUN TJUGUM

3d→Ed. At War

  • [023/20] MITH BODON ÀND TJUGUM

3e→Ee. Security and War Aftermath

  • [025/20] IS ORLOCH VRTHÉJAN (→ VRTÉJEN)

4c→F1c. Useful Precedents

  • [030/15] ALDULKERA TO KJASANE THAM MÀN TÍGE BY TÍGE KÀNTH — to choose only those who are very well (or: through and through) known

4d→F1d. Concerning Laws

  • [031/11] BIN.IK VRTJÛGAD

5a→Ga. Three Principles

  • [040/15] ALLE ELTE MINNISKA WERTHAT DRONGEN A BÀRN TO TÉJANDE — All healthy people feel the desire to raise children

5c→Gc. Wrathful People

  • [042/27] MITH VRKÀNDA TJUGUM

5d→Gd. Evildoers

  • [043/] IS THÉR HWA THÉR EN ÔTHER ÀFTERBÀKIS BITIGHATH — if anyone accuses another behind his back

5e→Ge. Three Thieves

  • [044/07] ORLOCH WAS VRTIGEN (→ VRTÉJEN)

8d→K3b. Tunis and the Tyrians

  • [059/25] MITH GOLD WRTÉIN (→ VRTÉJEN)

8e→K3c. The Gola

  • [061/05] THA GOLA FÍRADON ... FÉRSTA ÀND TO TÍANDE (→ TÉJANDE) THA KÁD​.HÉMAR THÉRA THRVCH TODVAN HJARAR HORIGA MAN'GHÉRTNE ÀND THA SWÉT​.HÉD FON HJARA FININNIGE WIN — the Gools celebrated ... rites, attracting the coast-dwellers with their whorish girls and the sweetness of their venomous wine

9c→L1c. Kelta and the Gola

  • [067/20] WILST WÉR FRY WÉSA ÀND VNDER MINA RÉD ÀND HODA LÉVA. TJAN UT THEN. — If you wish to be free again, and live under my counsel and care, then march forth!

9d→L2a. Jon and Minerva

  • [070/11] HJA WÉRON MITH FELUM TEKAD — They were clothed in skins

9e→L2b. The Geartmen

  • 1. [072/29] FORTH JAVON HJA THAT FOLK BYLDNESE FON HIRA LIKNESS TJUGANDE THÀT HJA THÉRAN ELLA FRÉJA MACHTE ALSANÁKA HJA HÉROCH BILÉWON. — They also gave their folk images of her likeness, attesting that they could pray to them for anything, as long as they remained obedient.
  • 2. [073/01] MEN WI HÉDON VSA STÉNE BURCH.WAL MITH TWAM HORNUM OMTÉJEN ALTO THA SÉ — But we had our stone burg wall, with two horns [...] all the way to the sea

10b→Mb. - Athenia in Decline

  • [077/01] VMBE THAT ER TJUCHT WÉSA SKOLDE UT EN FRYASKE MAN'GÉRTE ÀND EN ÉGIPTISKA PRESTER — because he would be the son of a Frya girl and an Egyptian priest

11a→N1. Denmarks Lost

  • [081/01] SPANDON HJA HJARA HORSA FAR HJARA TOGUM — hitched their horses to their sleighs

11b→N2a. Frana’s Prophecy

  • [083/29] TOJENST HJARA TÁTA TJUGHA (→ TJUGA)

11c→N2b. Battle of Medeasblik

  • [085/20] THA STJURAR ... HÉDON HINI GÉRN TO JONIS TOGEN — The steersmen ... were eager to confront him

13b→R2a. A Treacherous Maiden

  • [092/25] THA SAXNE TÁGON UTA SKÀDNE — knives were drawn

13c→R2b. Death of Adela

  • 1. [093/30] THÁ NÉVIL EWÉI TÁCH — When the fog dissolved
  • 2. [094/01] JONGK.FOLK TÁCH SJONGANDE
  • 3. [094/10] TOFÁRA ADELA.S DURE TAGON (→ TÁGON) TWILIF MAN’GÉRTNE MITH TWILIF LÀMKES — Twelve girls with twelve lambs passed by Adela’s door
  • 4. [095/05] INTWISKA HÉDON SINA ELDRA HJARA WÉPNE FAT. ÀND TAGON (→ TÁGON) VNDÍGR (→ VN​.DIGER) TO JONIS — Meanwhile, his parents had taken up their arms and approached them recklessly

13f→R4b. Primal Teachings 2

  • [103/10] SIN.TÜGA

14d→S3a. Alexander the King

  • 1. [124/01] VMBE VSA FLÁTE NÉI THA MIDDEL​.SÉ TO TYANDE (→ TÉJANDE) — to tow our fleet to the Middle Sea
  • 2. [125/01] HWÉR ALLE ÀFTA FRYA​.S BERN FORMELS HINTÉIN (→ HINTÉJEN) WÉRON

14e→S3b. Demetrius and Friso

  • 1. [125/25] WAS ORLOCH VRTYAN
  • 2. [128/05] ORLOCH.TUCH
  • 3. [130/01] NW HÉDON HJA THET STOLTA SWÉRD ANTJAN (→ ANTÉJEN)

14f→S4. Northland

  • [131/05] HJA TÁGON IMMER FORTH EN THET HÉR WÀRTH AL GRÁTER — They kept moving on and the army grew stronger

15c-1→T2b. Yesus of Kashmir

  • [137/05] ALOMME HWÉR ER FORTH HINNE TÁCH — Everywhere he went

15c-2→T2c. Bald Priests in Rags

  • [139/15] VRMITES HJA WISTON THÀT JES.US ÀJEN THA RIKA TO FJELDA TÁGEN (→ TOGEN) HÉDE — Because they knew that Yesus had been in arms against the rich

16b→U2b. Danish Alliance

  • 1. [148/20] AND FON HJARA STORESTE TOGHTERA VMB THÉR BI BERN TO TÉJANDE — and of their sturdiest daughters to have children by
  • 2. [149/20] TO HRÉD MITH ÍSERE KÉDNE ÀND KRÁNBOGUM ÀND MITH FVLLE TJUCH ALSA FAR WÉR​.SKÉPA HOF ÀND NÉDLIK SÍ — equipped with iron chains and crossbows, and fully rigged with what is useful and essential on warships
  • 3. [150/10] THÉR IN IS FOLK LÉID THAT FRISO UT.A SAXANA MARKA TÁCH — They were populated with folk that Friso took from the Saxonmarks

16b→U3a. Adel and Ifkia

  • [157/20] DÁNÁ TÁGON HJA INOVIR STÁVEREN.S.WRDA BY HJARA LJUDA ROND — Thereupon, they toured along the shores of Staveren, visiting their kindred

16f→U4. Liudgeart: Panj-ab

  • [164/01] HWANA SE ... NÉI THA DELTA ... TOGEN IS — from where she descended to the delta

18→Y. Rika: Title Theft

  • [192/10] TUCHT.RODE

19b→Zb. Streams of Blood

  • [200/01] THA VNTUCHT THÉR WIVA

19c→Zc. Reintia’s Dream

  • [203/25] SAND HJU BODON NÉI ÁSKAR AND TÁG (→ TÁCH) SELVA ALINGEN THENE BALDA​.SÉ — she sent messengers to Askar and continued along the Baltic Sea

discussion

etymonline/tag; etymonline/tack

Tag, tack, twig seem to be related. The original word may (a.o.t.) have meant needle (related to making textile).

cognates

  • tak - Dutch (branch, twig)
  • Zacke - German
  • takke(l), tûke, tokke - Frisian
  • toeg(e), toek - Gronings, Drents
  • tagg - Norse, Swedish
  • taque - Old North French (nail, pin, peg)
  • [163/01] TWÍGA FON FRÍA.S STAM

Found in the accepted Oldfrisian texts (examples):

  • ther hiu bi him tege (Overkeuren #5, Hunsingo Codices H1, H2)
  • thet hit nen mon ne binere the biteszie iefta bitiune, biere iefta bischere (Asegarecht #5, Fivelgo Codex F)

notes

  1. ↑ Compare [154/25] DIGER BI DIGER, translated as thoroughly.
  2. ↑ Old Greek τεκνο (children) may be derived from this.
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