ACHA (ÁCHA): Difference between revisions

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Auxiliary verb ÁCHA

The Old Frisian syntactic construct aga te (ought to, shall, must) + gerund has been subject of a study published in Aspects of Old Frisian philology,^[1] I intend to discuss this study, after an inventory of the use of this construct in Oera Linda.

Considering the exceptional use in ch. D4 [012/07], the best fitting Dutch translation of the word would be behoren (assumed to be dreived from horen; to hear), which can be used in two ways:

behoren aan: belong to/ be owned by;
behoren te + inf.: ought to + inf.

Note the similarity with ÁGON - eyes, HÁCH - high.

Infinite form is not used, but might have been ÁCHA^[2]/ HAGA (ought to, shall, must): no present-past variety.

singular:

IK/ ER ÁCH (10x)/ ER ÁGATH (1x)
THV ACHST(-E/-V) (4x)

plural:

WI/ HJA AGON (8x)/ ACHON (3x)/ HAGON (2x)/ HJA HAGATH (1x)
J HAGATH/ AGHAT (both only one)

The verb ÁCHA is used 31 times, once as a main verb and 30 times as an auxiliary verb, twice of the latter in combination with more than one main verb (fragments 20: 2 and 26: 3). The number of main verbs supported by ÁCHA, therefore, is 33.

Exceptional uses, in order frequency

1) Verb ACHA

1/31 fragment 3 (Frya's Tex): as main verb, meaning belong to.
1/31 fragment 4 (Frya's Tex): spelling -GH- (AGHAT); -AT instead of -ATH is also unusual..
4/31 fragments 1, 2 (Adela), 20a (Helpers Adela), 21 (Primal Teachings): verb starts with H- (2x HAGATH, 2x HAGON).
4/31 fragments 1, 2 (Adela), 3, 4 (Frya's Tex): conjugation ending -ATH (1x -at), both for plural and singular.
3/13 fragments 7 (Laws 1), 18, (Laws 2), 25 (Liudgert 1): plural form ending -ON is spelled with -CH-: ACHON; the more common form is (H)AGON.

2) Supported main verb

1/33 fragment 9 (Minno): without TO: MÀN ACH WÉIZARJA. (In fragment 20b. LÉTA also lacks TO, but borrows from 20a. TO TELLA.)
5/33 fragments 9 (Minno), 16, 18 (Laws 2), 20a, 20b (Helpers Adela): verb does not end with -NDE (found 7x), -NA (found 4x) or -NE (found 17x), rather it is a basic infinitive: WÉIZARJA, SÉKA, FORMYDA, TELLA, LÉTA.

The verbs more than once supported by ACHA are:

TO LÉTA(NE) (4x),
TO WÉRANE/-A (3x) and
TO NVDANDE/ NJODANE/ NJVDANE (3x.)

Fragments

Cb. Adela’s Advice

1. [004/26] SA HAGATH J TO NVDANDE THAT (...) / you [formal or plural] ought to urge

2. [005/02] AL THISSA TÀLLINGA HAGATH DÉN TO WERTHANDE / tellings ought to become (done)

D4. Frya's Tex

3. [012/07] THJUS ÁGATH WRALDAS GÁST / this belongs to (...)

4. [013/12] ALSA AGHAT J TO HELPANE HJAM / you [formal or plural] ought to help

Ea. Burg Laws

5. [018/10] SA ÁCH HJU THAM BY STONDA TO JÉWANE / she ought to give

Ee. Security

6. [025/18] SA ACH THA MÉNA MÉNTA (...) THAT WITHER TO HÉLÉNA / community ought to repair

7. [025/27] BY THA FÉSTUM ACHON HJA FORÁNA TO SITTANA / they ought to sit

F1c. Useful Precedents

8. [029/29] SA ACH MAN THÀT RÉDER ÀFTERWÉJA TO LÉTANE / one ought to leave/let

9. [030/06] SA ACH MÀN THAT WÉIZARJA / one ought (to) refuse

10. [030/18] SA ACH MAN ALLÉNA ALDVLKERA TO KJASANE / one ought to choose/elect

11. [030/23] SA AGON THA ÔRA THAT TO WÉRANE / others ought to repel

12. [030/31] SÁ AGON WY MITH HASTE HÉI TO TO SLANA / we ought to strike

13.[030/32] AFSKÉN WI ÉLLA AGON TO DVANDE / we ought to do

F2. Minerva

14. [037/14] THÉRVMBE ACHSTV TO BIJINNANDE / you ought to begin

Gb. Regulations and Penalties

15. [041/10] THÉRVMBE ÁCH MÀN TO WÉRANA THÀM / one ought to repel

16. [041/13] JAHWÉDER JONG KERDEL ÁCH EN BRUD TO SÉKA / youngh-man ought to seek

17. [041/18] SÁ ACH EK MAN HIM UT SIN HUS TO WÉRANE / man ought to repel

18. [041/20] THA KNÁPA ACHON HIN TO FORMYDA / boys ought to avoid

L2a. Jon and Minerva

19. [070/27] THA AFTERKVMAND AGON TO WÉTANE THAT (...) / later generations ought to know

O. Afterword

20a/b. [087/15] THA FÁMNA HAGON THAM NÉI HJARA WÍSA TO TELLA ÀND WEL BISKRIVE LÉTA / maidens ought to narrate and (to) have/let (describe)

R4b. Teachings 2

21. [101/18] ALSA HÁGON THA FÁMNA HJAM FON BUTA TO LÉRANDE / maidens ought to teach

R6b. Along the Rhine

22. [111/22] HO THA MÀNNISKA AN THÉRE MINNE AGON TO LÉVANE / men ought to live

S1c. The Black Men

23. [118/03] THÀN ÁCHSTE SPOD TO MÁKJANDE / you ought to make

S2. A Fleet Arrives

24. [119/23] NW WI N MODER HÀVE AGON WI HJRA RÉD TO FRÉJANDE / we ought to ask

S3b. Demetrius and Friso

25. [128/20] WI ACHON AL FLJUCHTANDE TO FJUCHTANE / we ought to flee

T2b. Yesus of Kashmir

26a/b/c. [137/15] THÀT MÀN THÉR IN ÁCH TO DELVANE TO ERANE ÀND TO SÉJANE / one ought to dig, (to) plow and (to) sow

U2a. Motherless

27. [144/30] VMBE (...) ÁCH IK DUBBEL TO WAKANE THAT (...) / I ought to beware

U3b. Gosa: Purity of Language

28. [161/08] ALSA ACHST THV (...) NÉN ÔRE TÁLE OVIR THINA WÉRA NI KVMA TO LÉTANE / you ought to let (come)

29. [161/11] THÀN ACHST THV TO NJODANE TILTHJU (...) / you ought to urge

Za. War Games

30. [195/12] THÉRVMBE ÁGON WI TO NJVDANE THAT (...) / we ought to urge

31. [197/16] ALSA ÁGON THA KNÁPA (...) ÀFTERWÉIN TO LÉTANE / young-men ought to leave/let

Notes

↑ Author: Jelka Schilt; editor: Rolf H. Bremmer (1990, p.391).
↑ either with or without the accent; it is sometimes hardly distinguishable

[1] Author: Jelka Schilt; editor: Rolf H. Bremmer (1990, p.391).

[2] ther with or without the accent; it is sometimes hardly distinguishable

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Auxiliary verb ÁCHA ==
+== Auxiliary verb <span class="fryas">ÁCHA</span> ==
-The Old Frisian syntactic construct ''aga te'' (ought to, shall, must) + gerund has been subject of a study by Jelka Schilt, published in ''[https://books.google.nl/books?id=uWa5X5qa9bAC&lpg=PP1&hl=nl&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false Aspects of Old Frisian philology]'' (1990, p.391), edited by Rolf H. Bremmer et al. I intend to discuss this study, after an inventory of the use of this construct in the Oera Linda-book (not only in the samples).
+The Old Frisian syntactic construct ''aga te'' (ought to, shall, must) + gerund has been subject of a study published in ''[https://books.google.nl/books?id=uWa5X5qa9bAC&lpg=PP1&hl=nl&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false Aspects of Old Frisian philology]'',<ref>Author: Jelka Schilt; editor: Rolf H. Bremmer (1990, p.391).</ref> I intend to discuss this study, after an inventory of the use of this construct in Oera Linda.
-Considering the exceptional use in 2d. [012/07], the best fitting Dutch translation of the word would be 'behoren' (allegedly dreived from 'horen'; to hear), which can be used in two ways:
+Considering the exceptional use in [[EN009.18 Frya|ch. D4]] [012/07], the best fitting Dutch translation of the word would be ''behoren'' (assumed to be dreived from ''horen''; to hear), which can be used in two ways:
-# 'behoren aan': belong to/ be owned by;
+# ''behoren aan'': belong to/ be owned by;
-# 'behoren te + inf.': ought to + inf.
+# ''behoren te'' + inf.: ought to + inf.
-Note the similarity with ÁGON - eyes, [[HÁCH]] - high.
+Note the similarity with <span class="fryas">ÁGON</span> - eyes, <span class="fryas">[[HÁCH]]</span> - high.
-Infinite form is not used, but might have been ÁCHA<ref>either with or without the accent; it is sometimes hardly distinguishable</ref>'''/''' HAGA (ought to, shall, must): no present-past variety.
+Infinite form is not used, but might have been <span class="fryas">ÁCHA</span><ref>either with or without the accent; it is sometimes hardly distinguishable</ref>'''/''' <span class="fryas">HAGA</span> (ought to, shall, must): no present-past variety.
 <u>singular:</u>
-* IK/ ER ÁCH (10x)/ ER ÁGATH (1x)
+* <span class="fryas">IK/ ER ÁCH</span> (10x)/ <span class="fryas">ER ÁGATH</span> (1x)
-* THV ACHST(-E/-V) (4x)
+* <span class="fryas">THV ACHST(-E/-V)</span> (4x)
 <u>plural:</u>
-* WI/ HJA AGON (8x)/ ACHON (3x)/ HAGON (2x)/ HJA HAGATH (1x)
+* <span class="fryas">WI/ HJA AGON</span> (8x)/ <span class="fryas">ACHON</span> (3x)/ <span class="fryas">HAGON</span> (2x)/ <span class="fryas">HJA HAGATH</span> (1x)
-* J HAGATH/ AGHAT (both only one)
+* <span class="fryas">J HAGATH/ AGHAT</span> (both only one)
-The verb ÁCHA is used 31 times, once as a main verb and 30 times as an auxiliary verb, twice of the latter in combination with more than one main verb (fragments 20: 2 and 26: 3). The number of main verbs supported by ÁCHA, therefore, is 33.
+The verb <span class="fryas">ÁCHA</span> is used 31 times, once as a main verb and 30 times as an auxiliary verb, twice of the latter in combination with more than one main verb (fragments 20: 2 and 26: 3). The number of main verbs supported by <span class="fryas">ÁCHA</span>, therefore, is 33.
 === Exceptional uses, in order frequency ===
-<u>1) Verb ACHA</u>
+<u>1) Verb <span class="fryas">ACHA</span></u>
 *1/31 fragment 3 (Frya's Tex): '''as main verb, meaning ''belong to'''''.
-*1/31 fragment 4 (Frya's Tex): '''spelling''' -GH- (AGHAT); -AT instead of -ATH is also unusual..
+*1/31 fragment 4 (Frya's Tex): '''spelling''' <span class="fryas">-GH- (AGHAT); -AT</span> instead of <span class="fryas">-ATH</span> is also unusual..
-*4/31 fragments 1, 2  (Adela), 20a (Helpers Adela), 21 (Primal Teachings): '''verb starts with''' H- (2x HAGATH, 2x HAGON).
+*4/31 fragments 1, 2  (Adela), 20a (Helpers Adela), 21 (Primal Teachings): '''verb starts with''' <span class="fryas">H-</span> (2x <span class="fryas">HAGATH</span>, 2x <span class="fryas">HAGON</span>).
-*4/31 fragments 1, 2 (Adela), 3, 4 (Frya's Tex): '''conjugation ending''' -ATH (1x -at), both for plural and singular.
+*4/31 fragments 1, 2 (Adela), 3, 4 (Frya's Tex): '''conjugation ending''' <span class="fryas">-ATH</span> (1x -at), both for plural and singular.
-*3/13 fragments 7 (Laws 1), 18, (Laws 2), 25 (Liudgert 1): '''plural form ending''' -ON '''is spelled with''' -CH-: ACHON; the more common form is (H)AGON.
+*3/13 fragments 7 (Laws 1), 18, (Laws 2), 25 (Liudgert 1): '''plural form ending''' <span class="fryas">-ON</span> '''is spelled with''' <span class="fryas">-CH-: ACHON</span>; the more common form is <span class="fryas">(H)AGON</span>.
 <u>2) Supported main verb</u>
-*1/33 fragment 9 (Minno): '''without''' TO: MÀN ACH WÉIZARJA. (In fragment 20b. LÉTA also lacks TO, but borrows from 20a. TO TELLA.)
+*1/33 fragment 9 (Minno): '''without''' <span class="fryas">TO: MÀN ACH WÉIZARJA.</span> (In fragment 20b. <span class="fryas">LÉTA</span> also lacks <span class="fryas">TO</span>, but borrows from 20a. <span class="fryas">TO TELLA.</span>)
-*5/33 fragments 9 (Minno), 16, 18 (Laws 2), 20a, 20b (Helpers Adela): '''verb does not end with''' -NDE (found 7x)''',''' -NA (found 4x) '''or''' -NE (found 17x), rather it is a basic infinitive: WÉIZARJA, SÉKA, FORMYDA, TELLA, LÉTA.
+*5/33 fragments 9 (Minno), 16, 18 (Laws 2), 20a, 20b (Helpers Adela): '''verb does not end with''' <span class="fryas">-NDE</span> (found 7x), <span class="fryas">-NA</span> (found 4x) '''or''' <span class="fryas">-NE</span> (found 17x), rather it is a basic infinitive: <span class="fryas">WÉIZARJA, SÉKA, FORMYDA, TELLA, LÉTA.</span>
-The verbs more than once supported by ACHA are:
+The verbs more than once supported by <span class="fryas">ACHA</span> are:
-*TO LÉTA(NE) (4x),
+*<span class="fryas">TO LÉTA(NE)</span> (4x),
-*TO WÉRANE/-A (3x) and
+*<span class="fryas">TO WÉRANE/-A</span> (3x) and
-*TO NVDANDE/ NJODANE/ NJVDANE (3x.)
+*<span class="fryas">TO NVDANDE/ NJODANE/ NJVDANE</span> (3x.)
 === Fragments ===
-. [004/26] '''1b. Adela'''
+[[EN001.16 Adela|Cb. Adela’s Advice]]
-SA HAGATH <u>J</u> TO <u>NVDANDE</u> THAT (...) / you [formal or plural] ought to urge
+. [004/26] <span class="fryas">SA HAGATH <u>J</u> TO <u>NVDANDE</u> THAT (...)</span> / you [formal or plural] ought to urge
-. [005/02] '''1b'''
+. [005/02] <span class="fryas">AL THISSA <u>TÀLLINGA</u> HAGATH DÉN TO <u>WERTHANDE</u></span> / tellings ought to become (done)
-AL THISSA <u>TÀLLINGA</u> HAGATH DÉN TO <u>WERTHANDE</u> / tellings ought to become (done)
+[[EN011.13 Tex|D4. Frya's Tex]]
-. [012/07] '''2d. Frya's Tex'''
+. [012/07] <span class="fryas"><u>THJUS</u> ÁGATH WRALDAS GÁST</span> / this ''belongs to'' (...)
-<u>THJUS</u> ÁGATH WRALDAS GÁST / this ''belongs to'' (...)
+. [013/12] <span class="fryas">ALSA AGHAT <u>J</u> TO <u>HELPANE</u> HJAM</span> / you [formal or plural] ought to help
-. [013/12] '''2d.'''
+[[EN015.01 Burg|Ea. Burg Laws]]
-ALSA AGHAT <u>J</u> TO <u>HELPANE</u> HJAM / you [formal or plural] ought to help
+. [018/10] <span class="fryas">SA ÁCH <u>HJU</u> THAM BY STONDA TO <u>JÉWANE</u></span> / she ought to give
-. [018/10] '''3a. Laws 1'''
+[[EN025.04 Security|Ee. Security]]
-SA ÁCH <u>HJU</u> THAM BY STONDA TO <u>JÉWANE</u> / she ought to give
+. [025/18] <span class="fryas">SA ACH THA MÉNA <u>MÉNTA</u> (...) THAT WITHER TO <u>HÉLÉNA</u></span> / community ought to repair
-. [025/18] '''3c3. ,,'''
+. [025/27] <span class="fryas">BY THA FÉSTUM ACHON <u>HJA</u> FORÁNA TO <u>SITTANA</u></span> / they ought to sit
-SA ACH THA MÉNA <u>MÉNTA</u> (...) THAT WITHER TO <u>HÉLÉNA</u> / community ought to repair
+[[EN029.12 Precedents|F1c. Useful Precedents]]
-. [025/27] '''3c3.'''
+. [029/29] <span class="fryas">SA ACH <u>MAN</u> THÀT RÉDER ÀFTERWÉJA TO <u>LÉTANE</u></span> / one ought to leave/let
-BY THA FÉSTUM ACHON <u>HJA</u> FORÁNA TO <u>SITTANA</u> / they ought to sit
+. [030/06] <span class="fryas">SA ACH <u>MÀN</u> THAT <u>WÉIZARJA</u></span> / one ought (to) refuse
-. [029/29] '''4c1. Minno'''
+. [030/18] <span class="fryas">SA ACH <u>MAN</u> ALLÉNA ALDVLKERA TO <u>KJASANE</u></span> / one ought to choose/elect
-SA ACH <u>MAN</u> THÀT RÉDER ÀFTERWÉJA TO <u>LÉTANE</u> / one ought to leave/let
+. [030/23] <span class="fryas">SA AGON THA <u>ÔRA</u> THAT TO <u>WÉRANE</u></span> / others ought to repel
-. [030/06] '''4c1.'''
+. [030/31] <span class="fryas">SÁ AGON <u>WY</u> MITH HASTE HÉI TO TO <u>SLANA</u></span> / we ought to strike
-SA ACH <u>MÀN</u> THAT <u>WÉIZARJA</u> / one ought (to) refuse
+.[030/32] <span class="fryas">AFSKÉN <u>WI</u> ÉLLA AGON TO <u>DVANDE</u></span> / we ought to do
-. [030/18] '''4c1.'''
+[[EN033.22 Minerva|F2. Minerva]]
-SA ACH <u>MAN</u> ALLÉNA ALDVLKERA TO <u>KJASANE</u> / one ought to choose/elect
+. [037/14] <span class="fryas">THÉRVMBE ACHS<u>TV</u> TO <u>BIJINNANDE</u></span> / you ought to begin
-. [030/23] '''4c1.'''
+[[EN040.26 Regulations|Gb. Regulations and Penalties]]
-SA AGON THA <u>ÔRA</u> THAT TO <u>WÉRANE</u> / others ought to repel
+. [041/10] <span class="fryas">THÉRVMBE ÁCH <u>MÀN</u> TO <u>WÉRANA</u> THÀM</span> / one ought to repel
-. [030/31] '''4c1. ,,'''
+. [041/13] <span class="fryas">JAHWÉDER JONG <u>KERDEL</u> ÁCH EN BRUD TO <u>SÉKA</u></span> / youngh-man ought to seek
-SÁ AGON <u>WY</u> MITH HASTE HÉI TO TO <u>SLANA</u> / we ought to strike
+. [041/18] <span class="fryas">SÁ ACH EK <u>MAN</u> HIM UT SIN HUS TO <u>WÉRANE</u></span> / man ought to repel
-.[030/32] '''4c1.'''
+. [041/20] <span class="fryas">THA <u>KNÁPA</u> ACHON HIN TO <u>FORMYDA</u></span> / boys ought to avoid
-AFSKÉN <u>WI</u> ÉLLA AGON TO <u>DVANDE</u> / we ought to do
+[[EN068.17 Mediterranean|L2a.  Jon and Minerva]]
-. [037/14] '''4d. ,,'''
+. [070/27] <span class="fryas">THA <u>AFTERKVMAND</u> AGON TO <u>WÉTANE</u> THAT (...)</span> / later generations ought to know
-THÉRVMBE ACHS<u>TV</u> TO <u>BIJINNANDE</u> / you ought to begin
+[[EN087.13 Afterword|O. Afterword]]
-. [041/10] '''5a2. Laws 2'''
+a/b. [087/15] <span class="fryas">THA <u>FÁMNA</u> HAGON THAM NÉI HJARA WÍSA TO <u>TELLA</u> ÀND WEL BISKRIVE <u>LÉTA</u></span> / maidens ought to narrate and (to) have/let (describe)
-THÉRVMBE ÁCH <u>MÀN</u> TO <u>WÉRANA</u> THÀM / one ought to repel
+[[EN100.01 Teachings2|R4b. Teachings 2]]
-. [041/13] '''5a2.'''
+. [101/18] <span class="fryas">ALSA HÁGON THA <u>FÁMNA</u> HJAM FON BUTA TO <u>LÉRANDE</u></span> / maidens ought to teach
-JAHWÉDER JONG <u>KERDEL</u> ÁCH EN BRUD TO <u>SÉKA</u> / youngh-man ought to seek
+[[EN108.28 Rhine|R6b. Along the Rhine]]
-. [041/18] '''5a2.'''
+. [111/22] <span class="fryas">HO THA <u>MÀNNISKA</u> AN THÉRE MINNE AGON TO <u>LÉVANE</u></span> / men ought to live
-SÁ ACH EK <u>MAN</u> HIM UT SIN HUS TO <u>WÉRANE</u> / man ought to repel
+[[EN117.20 Blacks|S1c. The Black Men]]
-. [041/20] '''5a2.'''
+. [118/03] <span class="fryas">THÀN ÁCHS<u>TE</u> SPOD TO <u>MÁKJANDE</u></span> / you ought to make
-THA <u>KNÁPA</u> ACHON HIN TO <u>FORMYDA</u> / boys ought to avoid
+[[EN118.32 Fleet|S2. A Fleet Arrives]]
-. [070/27] '''9b. Walhallagara'''
+. [119/23] <span class="fryas">NW WI N MODER HÀVE AGON <u>WI</u> HJRA RÉD TO <u>FRÉJANDE</u></span> / we ought to ask
-THA <u>AFTERKVMAND</u> AGON TO <u>WÉTANE</u> THAT (...) / later generations ought to know
+[[EN125.05 Demetrius|S3b. Demetrius and Friso]]
-a/b. [087/15] '''11c. Helpers Adela'''
+. [128/20] <span class="fryas"><u>WI</u> ACHON AL FLJUCHTANDE TO <u>FJUCHTANE</u></span> / we ought to flee
-THA <u>FÁMNA</u> HAGON THAM NÉI HJARA WÍSA TO <u>TELLA</u> ÀND WEL BISKRIVE <u>LÉTA</u> / maidens ought to narrate and (to) have/let (describe)
+[[EN136.08 Yesus|T2b. Yesus of Kashmir]]
-. [101/18] '''13c2. Primal Teachings'''
+a/b/c. [137/15] <span class="fryas">THÀT <u>MÀN</u> THÉR IN ÁCH TO <u>DELVANE</u> TO <u>ERANE</u> ÀND TO <u>SÉJANE</u></span> / one ought to dig, (to) plow and (to) sow
-ALSA HÁGON THA <u>FÁMNA</u> HJAM FON BUTA TO <u>LÉRANDE</u> / maidens ought to teach
+[[EN144.17 Motherless|U2a. Motherless]]
-. [111/22] '''13e2. Apollonia'''
+. [144/30] <span class="fryas">VMBE (...) ÁCH <u>IK</u> DUBBEL TO <u>WAKANE</u> THAT (...)</span> / I ought to beware
-HO THA <u>MÀNNISKA</u> AN THÉRE MINNE AGON TO <u>LÉVANE</u> / men ought to live
+[[EN157.32 Gosa|U3b. Gosa: Purity of Language]]
-. [118/03] '''14b. Frethorik'''
+. [161/08] <span class="fryas">ALSA ACHST <u>THV</u> (...) NÉN ÔRE TÁLE OVIR THINA WÉRA NI KVMA TO <u>LÉTANE</u></span> / you ought to let (come)
-THÀN ÁCHS<u>TE</u> SPOD TO <u>MÁKJANDE</u> / you ought to make
+. [161/11] <span class="fryas">THÀN ACHST <u>THV</u> TO <u>NJODANE</u> TILTHJU (...)</span> / you ought to urge
-. [119/23] '''14c. ,,'''
+[[EN195.01 Preparation|Za. War Games]]
-NW WI N MODER HÀVE AGON <u>WI</u> HJRA RÉD TO <u>FRÉJANDE</u> / we ought to ask
+. [195/12] <span class="fryas">THÉRVMBE ÁGON <u>WI</u> TO <u>NJVDANE</u> THAT (...)</span> / we ought to urge
-. [128/20] '''14d2. Liudgert 1'''
+. [197/16] <span class="fryas">ALSA ÁGON THA <u>KNÁPA</u> (...) ÀFTERWÉIN TO <u>LÉTANE</u></span> / young-men ought to leave/let
-<u>WI</u> ACHON AL FLJUCHTANDE TO <u>FJUCHTANE</u> / we ought to flee
-a/b/c. [137/15] '''15b2. Dela a.k.a. Hellenia'''
-THÀT <u>MÀN</u> THÉR IN ÁCH TO <u>DELVANE</u> TO <u>ERANE</u> ÀND TO <u>SÉJANE</u> / one ought to dig, (to) plow and (to) sow
-. [144/30] '''16b1. Konered'''
-VMBE (...) ÁCH <u>IK</u> DUBBEL TO <u>WAKANE</u> THAT (...) / I ought to beware
-. [161/08] '''16c. Gosa'''
-ALSA ACHST <u>THV</u> (...) NÉN ÔRE TÁLE OVIR THINA WÉRA NI KVMA TO <u>LÉTANE</u> / you ought to let (come)
-. [161/11] '''16c.'''
-THÀN ACHST <u>THV</u> TO <u>NJODANE</u> TILTHJU (...) / you ought to urge
-. [195/12] '''19a. unknown abt. Askar'''
-THÉRVMBE ÁGON <u>WI</u> TO <u>NJVDANE</u> THAT (...) / we ought to urge
-. [197/16] '''19a.'''
-ALSA ÁGON THA <u>KNÁPA</u> (...) ÀFTERWÉIN TO <u>LÉTANE</u> / young-men ought to leave/let
 === Notes ===
 <references />
 [[Category:Word Studies]]