WÉSA

WÉSA (var.: WÉSANE, WÉSANDE) is the infinitive 'to be' (Dutch/German: zijn/sein).

The negative form is NÉSA (to not be) with inflections NIS (is not), NAS (was not) and NÉR/NÉRE/NÉRON (were not).

A) present

1) first person

a) singular

Fryas	English	Dutch	German	Danish	Norse	Swedish	Icelandic
IK BEN/BIN	I am	ik ben	ich bin	jeg er	jeg er	jag är	ég er

b) plural

Fryas	English	Dutch	German	Danish	Norse	Swedish	Icelandic
WI/WY SEND	we are	we/wij zijn	wir sind	vi er	vi er	vi är	við erum

2) second person

a) singular/plural

Fryas	English	Dutch	German	Danish	Norse	Swedish	Icelandic
(THV/I/JOW) BIST(E)* (only plur.: JY SEND)	you are	sing.: je/U bent plur.: jullie zijn/U bent	sing.: du bist/Sie sind plur.: ihr seid/Sie sind	du er	du er	du är	Þú ert

*BISTE when at the end of (sub-) sentence (what is grammatical term?); see fragments [034/15], [083/10] and [118/10].

B) past

1) first person

a) singular

Fryas	English	Dutch	German	Danish	Norse	Swedish	Icelandic
IK	I was	ik was	ich war	jeg var	jeg var	jag var	ég var

b) plural

Fryas	English	Dutch	German	Danish	Norse	Swedish	Icelandic
WI/WY WÉRON/WÉRE	we were	we/wij waren	wir waren	vi var	vi var	vi var	við vorum

fragments

A1a) first person, present, singular

4c. Useful Precedents

• [029/30] IK BIN ALD - ik ben oud - ich bin alt - I am old

4d. About Laws

• [031/10] BIN.IK VRTJÛGAD* - ben ik overtuigd - bin ich überzeugt - am I convinved ('over-tied')

*VR.TJÛGATH from TÉJA (to pull, tie, weave, tow)

4f. Minerva

• [033/30] ALSA BEN.IK É.LIK - alzo ben ik gelijk ('water-lijk') - also bin ich gleich ('wasser-gleich') - then am I equal ('water-like')
• [034/30] BIN IK IN FRYA.S THJANEST - ben ik in Frya's dienst - bin ich in Frya's Dienst - am I in Frya's service

13f. Primal Teachings 2

• [102/15] NI SEDSA IK BEN. MEN WEL IK WAS - niet zeggen ik ben, maar wel ik was - nicht sagen ich bin, aber wohl ich was - not say I am, but well I was
• [102/25] THAHWILA.R SÉID IK BEN - terwijl hij zegt ik ben - daweile er sagt ich bin - while he says I am
• [103/01] IK BEN. IEFTHA WEL. IK BEN THET BESTE DÉL - ik ben, oftewel, ik ben het beste deel - ich bin, oder wohl, ich bin der beste Teil - I am, or well, I am the best deal/part

14a. Fryasland Swamped

• [113/25] BIN IK TO ASGA KÉREN - ben ik tot Asga gekozen - bin ich zu Asga gewählt - ...

14e. Demetrius and Friso

• [130/10] THACH BEN IK ALSA HERDE FRYA.S

15a. Wilyo

• [133/20] IK BEN THA FÁM

16a. Canals and Dykes

• [143/05] BEN IK TO SINA FOLGAR KÉREN

16f. Panj-ab Report

• [167/10] HWÉR IK BERN BEN

A1b) first person, present, plural

B. Liko Ovira Linda

• [00b/10] THAT WI HJARA GRÁTESTE FJANDA SEND

1b. Adela’s Advice

• [004/30] HO GRAT WI JETA SEND

4c. Useful Precedents

• [031/01] THAT WI ANGE SEND

4e. Eawa

• [033/10] DÁHWILA WI TO DVANDE SEND

4f. Minerva

• [035/15] WI ALLE SEND TO DVANDE

8b. Wodin and the Magus

• [054] WI SEND SKELDICH

13f. Primal Teachings 2

• [101/30] ALSA SEND WY EN DÉL

14d. Alexander the King

• [121/05] THÉRVMBE SEND WI FVL ÉRBIDENESE ... WY SEND FRY BERN FRYA.S BERN

16a. Canals and Dykes

• [144/01] HJUD DÉGUM SEND WI TO DVANDE

16b. Friso: Alliances

• [149/10] WI ALLE SEND FISKAR AND JUTTAR

19a. Askar Prepares for War

• [197/20] SEND WI IN ALLE DÉLA OFNED

A2a/b) second person, present, singular/plural

4f. Minerva

• [034/15] AS THV THÀN NÉN THJONSTER NE BISTE

8b. Wodin and the Magus

• [054/20] THV BIST THENE WIGANDLIKSTE KÀNING JRTHA.S

8d. Tunis and the Tyrians

• [059/05] THV BIST FÉR.HÉMANDA SWÀRVAR (plur.!)

9c. Kelta and the Gools

• [067/15] THV BIST FRY.BERN ÀND VMBE LITHA LÉKA

9d. Jon and Minerva Resettle

• [071/01] HO BIST WEL AN THINA SLÁVONA KVMEN (plur.?)

11b. Death of Frana

• [083/10] FRÁNA VRMITES I KLÁR.SJANDE BISTE

13g. The Unsociable Man

• [104/01] BIST EN ÀFTE FRYA.S
• [106/01] BIST ÀRG BÁT.SJOCHTIG

14b. Expulsion of the Black Men

• [118/10] ALOND JOW WÀLDICH BISTE (plur.?)

16e. Purity of Language

• [161/05] BIST THV ALSA GÍRICH (plur.?)

18. Rika: Title Theft

• [189/05] ALSA JY MÉNE SEND JY VNSKELDICH AN OFGODJE (plur.)
• [192/20] THÀT JY THÉR WILLENS SKILDECH AN SEND (plur.)

B1b) first person, past, plural

9e. The Geartmen Move to Panj-ab

• [073/15] THAHWILA WY MITH ALLE MANNUM VPPA WALLUM TO STRIDANDE WÉRON

14e. Demetrius and Friso

• [128/05] WI WÉRON TO LÉDEN MITH LIFTOCHTUM ÀND ORLOCH​.TUCH
• [128/20] THAHWILA WI THÉRMITHA AL DVANDE WÉRON
• [129/05] AS WI NW ARHALF KETTENG FON RA OF WÉRE BIGOSTON THA PHONISJAR TO SKIATA

15a. Wilyo from the Saxonmarks

• [133/25] THAT WI ALLE BÉDE FON A​.DEL​.A HIS FOLK WÉRON